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Pediatric ENT Issues – Ear Infections, Tonsillitis and More in Children

Ear, nose and throat (ENT) problems are frequent occurrences in children. Their developing anatomy along with infections make pediatric ENT issues common from infancy through adolescence. Learning about typical ENT concerns helps parents understand when to call the pediatrician or see a pediatric ENT specialist.

Frequent Ear Infections

Ear infections, known medically as acute otitis media, are the leading reason children visit doctors. Bacteria or viruses infect the middle ear space causing pain, fever, and hearing problems. Young children are prone to ear infections due to their short, horizontal Eustachian tubes. Treatment involves antibiotics for bacterial infection along with pain management. Inserting ear tubes may help prevent chronic infections.

Hearing Loss

Hearing loss in babies and children can result from congenital malformation, genetic syndromes, ear infections, trauma, or excess earwax. Since hearing is critical for speech development, early identification and management are crucial. Hearing aids, therapy, sign language, and cochlear implants help kids with hearing deficits communicate.

Tonsillitis

Tonsils on the throat’s rear can become enlarged and develop recurrent infections. Strep throat, a bacterial infection, requires antibiotics to treat tonsillitis and prevent complications like rheumatic fever. Severe tonsil infections may lead to surgical removal (tonsillectomy) for better breathing and quality of life.

Sinusitis

Sinus infections cause nasal congestion, yellow-green drainage, coughing, and facial tenderness. Allergies and anatomy predispose children to sinusitis. Most improve with rest, fluids, humidified air, and OTC medications. Recurrent, treatment-resistant sinusitis may need surgery to improve sinus drainage.

Snoring and Sleep Apnea

Loud snoring or pauses in breathing during sleep could indicate sleep apnea. Enlarged tonsils and adenoids commonly obstruct upper airways in children. Other causes involve obesity, nasal allergies, or neurological issues. Treatments like adenotonsillectomy, CPAP, oral appliances, or medication can improve sleep and oxygen levels.

Discuss any persistent ENT issues with your pediatrician for proper diagnosis and management. Prompt treatment keeps children healthy, breathing easy, and developing on track.